Hello faithful set of History, this time we will try to review the information pertaining to the city of Yogyakarta. How is the origin of the formation of Yogyakarta? How history? Here's more information. The history of the city of Yogyakarta is not separated from the story of the Yogyakarta Sultanate which is an independent state. Sultanate was established in 1755 and implemented in accordance with the Dutch political contract.
Early establishment of the Sultanate in the Region of Yogyakarta
On February 13, 1755 to coincide with the signing of the Treaty Giyanti between the Governor-General Jacob Mossel, a VOC with Mangkubumi makes Mataram kingdom split into two parts. Half of the kingdom of Mataram given to Mangkubumi who later became Emperor and changed his name to Sultan Hamengkubuwana I. Meanwhile, the remaining half of the area again renamed to Surakarta and still controlled by Sunan Pakubowono III.
Rising rank Sultan Hamengkubuwana Mangkubumi be made to act quickly to establish the capital of the kingdom and a new palace in atara Winongo and the Code River, precisely in the Forest Paberingan. What became the capital of the early history of the city of Yogyakarta, as called Ngayogyakarta. The main landscape for capital can finally be completed on October 7, 1756. For the successors of the prince Mangkubumi, they still chose to use his title, that lane. To avoid confusion about who was on the throne and its predecessor, the phrase used is "who reigns ke- ... in Yogya". There are also some special title, Sultan Sepuh (old sultan) to Hamengkubowono II.
Because it is a fraction of the kingdom of Mataram, Yogyakarta Sultanate territory was originally divided into three layers, the capital region called Nagari Ngayogyakarta, the main area named Nagara Court, and the outer region called Manca Nagara. When combined, the area Nagari Ngayogyakarta and Nagara General has an area of about 310 square km, while the area Manca Nagara approximately 198.5 square kilometers. It has not yet calculated the additional territory of Danurejo I approximately 9.36 square kilometers in Banyumas.
Territory Ngayogyakarta
The area included in the scope of Nagari Ngayogyakarta area is the old city of Yogyakarta on the Code River and Winongo, as well as the surrounding area with the Mosque Pathok State as its limit. While Nagara Court covers an area Siti Ageng Miaya Kusuma ie the area between Pajang and Demak, area Siti Bumijo which is a region Bagelen between Progo and Bagawanta, area Siti Panekar (Display the eastern part up to Gunung), and Siti Gadhing Mataram which is an area between Mt. Merapi and the Indian Ocean. For Manca Nagara own area includes the city of Madiun, Magetan, Caruban, half of Pacitan, Kertosono, Kalangbret, Ngrowo (now Tulung), Mojokerto, Ngawen, Selo, Kuwu-Wirosari, a small area of Grobogan.
The area is increasingly reduced due appropriation made by Daendels and Raffles. Not to mention take away from the whole region Manca Nagara by the Dutch after Diponegoro War in 1830. On September 27 of the same year, an agreement was also signed Klaten where the agreement confirms that the region of Yogyakarta Sultanate of Mataram and Gunung only covers a total area of 2902.54 km square.
Residents Ngayogyakarta
The history of the city of Yogyakarta is also not out of the people living in it since the days of the empire. At the time the agreement was made Palihan Nagari, diperkinan kasultanan population there are about 522 300 inhabitants, which increased to 1,477,022 inhabitants in 1930. For his own social strata in that period can be divided into three, namely nobility or airport, employee or servant Dalem, and the people or subjects Dalem. Sultan is a member of the top layer of aristocratic strata, the strata in which members are also filled by people who had an alliance with the sultan is or ever reign.
Government in Ngayogyakarta
Another important thing in the history of the city of Yogyakarta is a system of government at the time. Until 1972, the de facto Yogyakarta Sultanate an independent country, and VOC is just equal partners. VOC then put a Resident in Yogyakarta, where the duties of the Resident of this is to keep an eye on things that are going on in the Sultanate. Initially, the strata of the Resident is under sultan, but suddenly Daendels raise their position became Minister, and represented the presence of the Governor General.
When Raffles occur, further changes to the system of government in which the sultanate of Sultan no longer have permission to conduct foreign relations. This is because of their sovereignty is now held by the British government. Pepatih Dalem and Administrators The kingdom also appointed and dismissed according to the needs the British government, where everything they do must be consideration of the British Resident. Because of this, the Sultan began freed from the government led by Pepatih Dalem, where Pepatih Dalem itself is just a puppet of the Resident.
Government sultanate experiencing massive changes when Hamengkubowono IX ascended the throne in 1940, especially during the Japanese occupation. Slowly, Sultan returned to the restoration of the system of government that is tarnished by Dutch bureaucracy. Start formed governing bodies to hold government affairs named Paniradya, and headed by Paniradyapati which is directly under the orders of the Sultan. Pepatih Dalem completely eliminated as retirement Pepatih Dalem latter is KPHH Danurejo VIII on July 15, 1945. Since that time, Sultan began to take back its role as the ruler of a total of Ngayogyakarta.
The emergence of the city of Yogyakarta
Lane IX and Sri Paduka Paku Alam VIII cabled (telegram) to the President when the proclamation of independence. The cable contains a statement that the region and the Sultanate of Yogyakarta Paku Alaman will merge and form the Special Region of Yogyakarta that is royal. Along with the statement, the status of the empire of the Sultanate Ngayogyakarta ends, and an end to the history of the city of Yogyakarta.
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